The bi-xenon headlamps are just one of the many precious gifts from the
Zonda R, and LED daytime running lights are seamlessly integrated in the
elliptical shape of the design. The rear bumper integrates with the
diffuser and is dominated by an elliptical frame that surrounds the four
central exhaust outlets, now becoming a characteristic Pagani element.
The eternity of the element air. Gentle and refined, yet the strength of
the wind it is able to erode even the toughest of materials giving
birth to distinctive shapes known in nature. Elegant and muscular the
Pagani Huayra merges the past, present and future in a timeless
interpretation of automotive art.
The engine's systems have been designed and tested to stand up to the
most adverse conditions of temperature and performance. The Pagani
Huayra has been subjected to the highs of Death Valley and the lows of
the Arctic Circle. The two lateral radiators are positioned in the front
to guarantee the best cooling efficiency of the intercoolers placed
over the cylinder heads. Dry sump lubrication ensures an optimal oil
feed to the engine even when the car is subjected to the most extreme
lateral accelerations. It also regulates the oil flow so that only the
necessary amount of lubricant is actually pumped into the engine from
the external oil tank, reducing the friction caused by an excessive
volume of lubricant inside the engine sump. An oil/water heat exchanger
reduces warm-up times by heating the engine lubricant during cold start
and keeps engine coolant and lubricant levels at steady operational
temperatures. Extensive weight saving programs led to ingenious yet
simple solutions. In order to reduce hoses and connections as much as
possible is built directly to the engine. The intercooler covers serve
as expansion tanks to the low temperature circuit and the engine coolant
circuit.
The styling of the car was perfected over the course of 5 years to find
each line's beginning and end. During this study, eight scale models
were created, as well as two 1:1 models, each an evolution of the
previous in a never ending quest to perfect the form and refining the
substance.
Backbone
The new central monocoque on the Pagani
Huayra is an entirely new design made from carbontitanium. However, with
the gull wing doors cutting deep into the roof, much research was
focused on achieving the highest levels of rigidity through the
application of new advanced composite materials and technologies first
tested on the Zonda R. The fuel tank is located integrally in the best
protected area of the monocoque, behind the driver, reinforced by safety
cell made of different composite and ballistic materials. The front and
rear CrMo subframes offer an exceptional rigidity-to-weight ratio to
allowing the suspensions to work at their best while incorporating an
advanced energy absorbing crash structure, ready to protect the
occupants in the unlikely event of an impact.
The never ending
quest for weight reduction resulted also into the combination of
structural and non-structural or aesthetical elements. An example is the
integration of all ventilation air ducts into the monocoque's
structure, making the use of additional parts and ducts unnecessary.
The
result of this attention to detail is a vehicle weighing 1.350 kg
making the Pagani Huayra the lightest sportscar in its class.
Heart
Mercedes-AMG
provides the heart for the Pagani Huayra. The 60 degree 12 cylinder
turbocharged engine with a displacement of 5980 cm3 has been developed
not just to meet the strictest technical and quality requirements, but
also to give the car its many faces.
The calm and harmony of
driving one of the world's most refined GT car is interrupted when the
driver calls upon the Pagani Huayra to unleash its 700 horsepower and
1000 Nm of torque. The turbos have been studied to offer immediate
response to the slightest throttle input, giving the driver full control
over the engine at any rpm and preventing unwanted delays in the
delivery of power.
The M158 engine is homologated to meet the
strictest environmental regulations, EU5 and LEV2. Despite the increase
of power compared to the other Mercedes-AMG V12 engines developed for
Pagani, CO2 emissions as well as the fuel consumption have been reduced,
to make the Pagani Huayra class leading amongst 12 cylinder sports cars
with values that are respective of much smaller vehicles in the market.
The two stage fuel supply system features two microprocessor controlled
pumps feeding fuel to the engine with the second pump only activated
when necessary, thus reducing the energy required to run the fuel pumps
and eliminates the waste of excessive fuel being transported and heated
in the fuel lines. This efficiency combined with a large 85 liter fuel
tank ensure Pagani Huayra's grand touring ability.
As an homage
to the decennial tradition of Mercedes-AMG in building world class
sports car engines, the M158 displays the historic AMG emblem on the
intake manifold alongside the name of the technician that assembled the
engine by hand at the Mercedes-AMG headquarters in Affalterbach,
Germany.
The Titanium exhaust system has been engineered by
MHG-Fahrzeugtechnik and is a direct application of race proven
technologies on a high performance road car and the complete exhaust
weighs less than 10 kg. Hydroformed junctions are used to reduce
backpressure and guarantee a free flow of the exhaust gasses. Titanium
guarantees a low weight in the muffler area while Inconel guarantees
reliability on the parts of the exhaust more exposed to high
temperatures. Careful attention has been paid to the tuning of its
sound, which has led to a harmonic rumble at idle speeds with a hint of
the power that lies hidden at low speed and a deep thunderous growl of
motor and air, reminiscent of an airplane, at high speeds.
Feet
The
power and prodigious torque generated by Pagani Huayra's V12 are
transferred to the wheels through a transverse sequential seven speed
gearbox and a dual plate clutch and the complete gearbox weighs only 96
kg. Keeping the weight of the rear overhang as low as possible has been a
priority as we aim for a neutral behavior at the limit. A further
benefit of this layout is a better behavior of the car during a rear
impact. A dual clutch system was evaluated but ultimately not selected
as it would have increased the weight by approximately 70kg, thus
negating any minor improvement in shift-time.
Xtrac already
supplied the gearbox for the Zonda R and so it was the natural choice
for the development of a new high performance gearbox. Xtrac's expertise
in motorsports was obvious throughout the design and material selection
processes that resulted in the strongest and lightest gearbox possible
suitable for road use, with a synchromesh box that offers comfort levels
a race car gearbox will never be able to offer.
The suspension
geometry has been designed to further enhance the sure-footed nature
already present in the Zonda on the longer wheelbase Pagani Huayra. The
individual suspension made with forged AvionAl double A-arms have been
tested extensively on the Zonda R programme. Incorporated into the wheel
hub assemblies are cooling ducts that connect directly to the support
brackets, thus extending the reliability and lifespan of the bearings.
Pushrod operated adjustable Öhlins shock absorbers keep everything under
control and have been optimized for the dynamic requirements of the
vehicle.
"Power is nothing without control..."
Pirelli say
"Power is nothing without control" and to assure complete control for
the driver Pirelli has developed the bespoke P Zero tires, specifically
for the Pagani Huayra. The Pirelli engineers were faced with a demanding
task, combining road holding for excitement behind the steering wheel
and lower rolling resistance to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel
consumption. These P Zero tires are built in a dedicated MIRS™ (Modular
Integrated Robotized System) facility, dedicated to the production of
ultrahigh performance tires and are at the forefront of what is
technically possible, suited to top speeds above 370 kph as well as to
lateral forces exceeding 1,5 G.
Skin
The aerodynamic concept
of the Pagani Huayra is that of a wing. The vehicle can modify the
properties of this wing by varying the front ride height, which can be
adjusted dynamically, and by adjusting the 4 control flaps on each of
the four corners of the car. The goal is to have a neutral vehicle
behavior under all conditions and control body roll via aerodynamic
means. The behavior of the flaps is managed by a dedicated control unit
that is fed information from the ABS and ECU, which pass information
about the car's speed, yaw rate, lateral acceleration, steering angle
and throttle position.
The system improves aerodynamic efficiency
in a variety of driving conditions, where a low drag coefficient is not
the determining factor. During braking, for example, the rear flaps and
the front suspension are raised to counteract the weight transfer and
balance the weight distribution between front and rear axles, allowing a
better use of the rear brake force.
Another vital design tenant
for the Huayra project was to ensure clean airflow over the body of the
car. The shape of the two engine air intakes behind the occupants
shoulders are a tribute to the supersonic aircraft of the late 1950s and
1960s, but also allow the motor breath without disrupting the flow. The
intake for the gearbox radiator is located between the engine bay
window and the carbon clamshell of the rear bonnet, which provides an
excellent airflow to the radiator without having a substantial impact on
aerodynamic drag. This decision also led to the omission of a rear
wing, replaced by the movable flaps.
The flow of air through the
car was also carefully studied. The radiators are angled to contribute
downforce and provide the best flow for hot air to be extracted. Air
from the central radiator is extracted by vents on the front bonnet and
trough the front wheelhouses. Air from the side radiators is channeled
to ducts cooling the brake discs and wheel hubs. This air blows onto the
brakes at a temperature of approximately 50°C warming the brakes up
when cold and improving the first bite significantly. Lateral air
outlets behind the front wheels generate a negative pressure inside the
wheelhouse providing efficient extraction to lower the drag coefficient
and generate downforce on the front.
In addition to the downforce
generated by the flaps and body, two high negative pressure areas were
designed into the shape of the underbody and the diffuser at the rear,
thus enhancing the aerodynamic stability and guaranteeing the Pagani
Huayra downforce under all circumstances.
Man-machine
As soon
as the doors are closed the Pagani Huayra transports the occupants to a
new dimension; a world that pleases and surprises the senses. Having
everything at arm's length is not close enough for a vehicle with the
capabilities of the Pagani Huayra. Consequently, the driver will find
all primary functions directly on the steering wheel. The gearshift
paddles are mounted directly to the steering wheel so the driver never
needs to take his hands off the steering wheel. The seats provide both
the comfort to make long trips enjoyable as well as the lateral support
required when the g-forces build up on extreme driving.
A Pagani
is able to present drivers with state of the art solutions while still
drawing on the rich history that precedes it. The ever present emphasis
is on a living breathing being rather than a digital one. This can be
seen in everything from the leather latches to the toggle switches, but
this ethos finds its purest expression in the mechanical aluminum
gearlever assembly, a monument to the art of the manual gearshift;
progress that does not deny the past. The aluminum dashboard takes
inspiration from the most complex swiss watch designs and includes a
central Multi-Function Display displaying performance relevant
information when SPORT mode is engaged and a trip computer when the
COMFORT mode is activated. The aluminum center console is machined from
one solid block of aluminum and features a clarinet style array of
mechanical switches controlling the HVAC system. The high definition
central touchscreen is the heart of the vehicle infotainment system,
controlling audio functions, satellite navigation, secondary vehicle
functions and Bluetooth phone.
On the road
To this date five
prototypes have been built which have been conducting road tests for the
past 4 years. Currently, over half a million kilometers have been
covered by our prototypes and before entering the US market we will have
reached one million test kilometers.
Each prototype has been
assigned to a specific development task. At Mercedes-AMG one is used to
develop drivability, and another is used for emission development. One
car is operated constantly by Bosch Engineering for the application of
ABS and advanced stability and performance enhancement systems. Still
another vehicle is used for gearbox testing, and general vehicle
dynamics development.
Safety
The car complies to the strictest
European and American standards in term of safety and pollution
regulations. Several studies were conducted to determine the most
frequent types of crashes involving high performance cars. The results
of these studies have let us to develop specific safety measures not
required by law but to guarantee an enhanced protection for the
occupants. Several cars have been used to perform these tests.
Legend
Ancient
legends of the Aymara tell us of Huayra Tata, god of wind, who commands
the breezes, winds, and blizzards that invade the mountains, cliffs and
hills of the Andean highlands. It is told that Huayra Tata resides deep
in the high peaks and valleys, abandoning them only to demonstrate his
power to his wife, Pachamama, goddess of mother earth. With his power
Huayra Tata was able to lift the waters from lake Titicaca and rain them
down on the fertile Pachamama. When Huayra Tata sleeps, the waters and
rivers lay quiet. But the calm before the storm is about to be
interrupted...
Specifications
Engine: Mercedes-AMG M158 V12 twin-Turbo
Displacement: 5980 cc
Power: >700 CV
Torque: >1.000 Nm
Gearbox: transverse sequential seven speed gearbox; AMT robotyzed system with driving programs
Dimensions
Length: 4605mm
Height: 1169mm
Body width: 2036mm
Body width (with mirrors): 2356mm
Dry weight: 1.350 kg
Weight distribution
Front: 44%
Rear: 56%
